Why is this artisan command not running synchronously in testing?

I am trying to test an artisan command that asks for user input then makes changes to the database:

Command Code

$this->tenant = Tenant::find(search(
label: 'Select a tenant',
options: fn(string $value) => $value !== ''
? Tenant::whereLike('name', "%$value%")->pluck('name', 'id')->all()
: []
));

$this->tenant->merge();

dump(microtime(), Tenant::count());


Pest Test Code

$command = $this->artisan('tools:merge')
->expectsSearch(
question: 'Select a tenant',
answer: self::$tenantId,
search: 'test',
answers: Tenant::all()->pluck('name', 'id')->toArray()
)
->assertExitCode(0);

dump(microtime(), Tenant::count());
$this->assertDatabaseHas('tenants', ['id' => self::$tenant->id]);


Via XDebug I can see that the changes to the database are made correctly, but the assertion fails. By dumping the microtime that the commands are run I can see they are not in the order I would expect and that the assertions are being run before the command completes.

All the documentation says that the command should be run synchronously - why is it not? There is nothing asynchronous in the handle method.

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